墨尔本大学 课程目录

本课程以学生对生物学的先验知识为基础，并将研究生物学的五个核心概念：进化，结构和功能，调节，信息传递和相互联系。 这些概念将在个人，人口，社区，生态系统和生物群落的层面上进行研究。 主题包括生活多样性的演变，以及对自然和人为环境变化（从抗生素耐药性到气候变化）的响应。 有机体的结构，功能和行为，以及它们如何在环境梯度范围内变化； 通过生物体和生态系统的能量流和物质循环； 在人口或社区中的生物之间传递遗传，社会和文化信息； 个人，种群，物种及其环境之间的关系，以及塑造种群，生态群落和生态系统的过程。

Pastures and grasslands comprise the dominant vegetation cover across the Australian continent. The way pastures and grasslands are managed is therefore central to the sustainable use of natural resources such as soil and water, as well as the economic development of the pasture-based livestock industries (meat and wool sheep, beef cattle, and dairy). This subject will include: An overview of Australia's pasture and grassland resources The population biology of pasture plants, including the growth cycles of annual and perennial plants, and pathways of plant survival The major pasture plant species and pasture types, their agronomic and adaptive characteristics and management requirements Pasture improvement principles and practices Plant and pasture growth processes influencing the accumulation of yield in pastures, and implications for management The feeding and nutritive value of pastures and factors affecting animal intake The principles and practices of grazing management

Field crop production is a major component of Australia’s economy, and landholders manage their resources to balance environmental, economic and social demands. This subject discusses how these resources are managed to produce high quality crop products. Topics include: An appraisal of the cropping enterprises in southern Australia - the location, scale and nature of cropping enterprises and their contribution to the national economy Growth, development and yield in crop production - definitions and relations between growth and development attributes, yield and yield components, measurement of crop yields, biological and economical yield and harvest index (complemented by field exercises) Environmental constraints limiting productivity - climate and growing season, water and nutrient availability Agronomic management to optimise production and product quality, including water and nutrient management, soil management and rotations Problems and prospects of both dryland and irrigated crop production within farm systems, comparative cost-return analysis, marketing strategies

该课程将描述基因组的基本特征，其结构以及基因组中包含的遗传信息如何表达和传递。 该课程将把遗传变异的分子基础与孟德尔，定量和种群遗传学原理相结合，以解释遗传变异的模式。 该课程的核心方面将是与解决基于遗传的问题和解释来自遗传实验的数据相关的分析技能的发展。

Soil is the foundation for profitable farming. In this subject the principles of chemistry, physics and biology will be used to determine how decisions are made on the suitability of soil for agriculture and what effects agricultural practice can have on soil. Topics include soil morphology, soil physical and chemical properties, clay mineralogy, soil organic matter, soil biology & ecology, soil acidity and alkalinity, and the biogeochemical cycles of C, N, and other elements as well as the environmental outcomes associated with the management of soils. The subject will enable students to understand the importance of soil knowledge for sustainable agricultural production. Students will undertake hands-on practicals, and field trips will be used to enable students to understand the relationship between landscapes, soils and land use, the impacts land management decisions can have on soil quality, and to describe soils for the purpose of enabling informed land management decision.

883 / 5000 Translation results 解释数据的能力对于在日常生活中做出明智的决定至关重要。 生物数据的实验，分析和解释的设计也是科学事业的核心。 如果您不了解数据和设计，就不能成为科学家。 本科目向您介绍生物学数据科学的基本概念，重点介绍现代统计方法。 这些讲座利用实际的生物学问题和数据集，以及根据全班收集的数据，涵盖实验设计和统计建模的基本概念。 该主题强调动手解决问题。 除了在统计方法论上扎实的基础之外，您还将开发实用技能，发展使用R统计环境设计实验，收集数据和分析这些数据的能力。

Irrigation and Water Management presents the technical, economic, environmental and policy aspects of water for irrigation in agriculture and further discusses the case study of Murray Darling Basin, the most significant agricultural areas in Australia. The key components covered in this course are: irrigation scheduling and drainage; different types of irrigation techniques; water salinity and other issues with quality of irrigation water; environmental impact of irrigation; Institutions, water markets, policy and governance issues discussed in the context of Murray Darling Basin; alternate sources of irrigation – wastewater recycling; and impact of climate change on water for irrigation. The course is delivered as - lectures from academics, research scientists and industry experts; field trips and through short online educational videos. Dookie campus, being located in the heart of a major irrigation district of MDB, offers the opportunity to see some major irrigation infrastructure of the region and interact with industry experts on the field trip.

该课程以一年级生物学中引入的基本细胞生物学概念为基础，并使学生对调节真核细胞结构和功能的过程有所了解。 使用动植物细胞的例子，受试者将概述细胞结构和分子过程，这是调节多细胞生物中细胞功能的基础。 它还将探索可能导致细胞行为，基因表达，蛋白质合成或细胞复制发生变化的外部信号（物理，分子，电化学）。

A knowledge of appropriate methods for management of our soils is vital for sustainable food production and environmental health. This subject will provide students with a thorough understanding of key soil chemical, physical and biological processes to enable practical solutions to soil management issues at appropriate scales. The subject will discuss major soil management issues such as: carbon storage; soil acidification; salinity; erosion and sodicity, including soil structure and its maintenance; the use of fertilizers, including composts, biosolids, manures and effluents from intensive animal industries and processing plants; the use of soil testing for maintenance of soil fertility and; offsite impacts of management on air and water quality. The role of the soil microbiome in improving plant productivity and the role of soil organisms in improving soil fertility and promoting nutrient transformations will also be explored. Practicals and excursions will be used to demonstrate methods of soil survey and land capability assessment.

This subject outlines the methods used to identify pathogens causing plant diseases, the consequences of diseases for plant productivity, and control of plant diseases. The links between classic plant pathology and modern molecular pathology techniques are explored as plant breeders and pathologists seek novel integrated disease management procedures to control pathogens. Topics covered include: Taxonomy, identification and biology of the main groups of plant pathogens affecting Australian cropping industries and abiotic causes of plant diseases Host pathogen relationships, and the nature of disease resistance and pathogenesis Methods to identify pathogens, and development of tools for diagnosis Modern bioinformatic techniques used in plant pathology Processes leading to plant disease epidemics and their evaluation Evolutionary processes and management practices affecting pathogen populations in agricultural ecosystems Management and integrated control of plant diseases Current professional opportunities and challenges in the field of plant pathology Practical work includes: Identification and diagnosis of common diseases Development of skills in traditional and molecular research techniques and methodology in plant pathology Development of bioinformatic skills used in pathogen diagnosis and molecular taxonomy of plant pathogens